Visual Acuity Measurement in Children

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Pediatric eye examination          

Age Type of test Example of test

 

3-12 months Preferential looking Keeler cards

 

1-3 years Vanishing optotypes (looking and/or

naming)

 

Cardiff cards
2.5 – 4 years Single or crowded letter or picture

matching

 

Sheridan Gardner at 3 or 6 metres logMAR or Kay crowded pictures

 

4-6 years Crowded letter matching or naming logMAR crowded, Snellen, Sonksen

Silver

 

       

Approximate visual acuity according to age         

Age Approximate

 

Snellen acuity
Birth

 

6/300
1 month

 

6/200 – 6/90
3 months

 

6/90 – 6/60
6 months

 

6/36 – 6/30
9 months

 

6/24
1 year

 

6/18
18 months

 

6/12
2 years

 

6/12 – 6/9
3 years

 

6/9 – 6/6 singles
4 years

 

6/9 – 6/6 crowded
5 years 6/6 – 6/5


Tests to measure near acuity

Age Type of test Example of test Near acuity at 25cm

 

2-3 years Picture Naming Reduced Kay pictures 6/12 – 6/6

 

3-5 years Matching singles Reduced single Snellen 6/9 – N5

 

4-6 years Naming reduced letter

charts

 

Snellen, logMAR 6/6 or N5

 

5 years onwards Reading McClure reading book 6/6 or N5

 

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